Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for facet joint pain, also known as facet rhizotomy or radiofrequency neurotomy, is a minimally invasive procedure used to relieve chronic pain in the facet joints of the spine. Facet joints are small joints located between adjacent vertebrae in the spine, and they can become a source of pain due to conditions such as arthritis, injury, or degeneration. Here's an overview of the procedure: Preparation: Before the procedure, the patient undergoes a physical examination and imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to identify the source of pain and ensure that RFA is an appropriate treatment option. Procedure Setup: The patient typically lies face down on an examination table, and the skin over the treatment area is cleaned and sterilized. Local anesthesia is administered to numb the skin and tissues around the injection site. Needle Placement: Using fluoroscopic guidance (live X-ray imaging) to ensure precision, a special needle with a small electrode at its tip is inserted near the affected facet joint. The electrode is positioned so that it can deliver radiofrequency energy to the nerves that transmit pain signals from the facet joint. Radiofrequency Ablation: Once the needle is properly positioned, radiofrequency energy is delivered through the electrode to the nerves surrounding the facet joint. This energy heats up the nerve tissue, causing it to be destroyed or "ablated." By disrupting the transmission of pain signals, RFA can provide long-lasting pain relief. Post-procedure: After the RFA procedure, the patient is typically monitored for a short period to ensure there are no immediate complications. Some patients may experience temporary soreness or discomfort at the injection site. Recovery: Patients can usually resume their normal activities within a day or two following the procedure. Pain relief from RFA may take a few days to a couple of weeks to fully manifest, as the nerves need time to heal and the pain signals to diminish. RFA for facet joint pain is considered a safe and effective treatment option for many patients who have not found relief from conservative therapies such as medication, physical therapy, or injections. It offers several potential benefits, including long-lasting pain relief, improved mobility, and reduced reliance on pain medications. However, like any medical procedure, it carries some risks, including infection, nerve damage, or temporary worsening of pain. It's important for patients considering RFA for facet joint pain to discuss the potential benefits and risks with their healthcare provider and to ensure that they are a suitable candidate for the procedure based on their individual condition and medical history.